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Cultural and Creative Industry: Industial Upgrading Progresses2007/12/15
text by Claire Cheng Some 220 agreements and contracts valued at US$3.83 billion were signed during the Second China ( But as happy as organizers were with the increase in transactions from the US$3.76 billion reported in 2006, they were also pleased by improvements in the quality of the industry revealed at the ICCIE. The structure of deals concluded were more sophisticated; on-the-spot deals and auctions increased by 1.72 times over that of 2006; more companies reported that they are now operating as parts of industrial clusters; and more projects are being initiated in remote segments of the industrial chain. All this indicates that industrial clustering is supportive of industrial integration and extension. In addition, companies in areas surrounding In 2006, the output value of the cultural and creative industry in Beijing increased by 81.2 billion yuan (US$10.6 billion) to account for 10.3 percent of the municipality’s GDP (gross domestic product). In the first eight months of 2007, the industry in Zhao Hong, deputy director of the Economic Research Institute of the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said, “As a knowledge-intensive industry, the cultural and creative industry gets a lot of attention in many countries where it is a highlight of modern industry. With the per-capita GDP of Beijing citizens surpassing US$5,000 per year, our economy has entered a new stage of development. Therefore, developing the cultural and creative industry is a sound strategic decision. This will accelerate our industrial structural upgrading [in general] and transform the ways we pursue and achieve economic growth.” The cultural and creative industry’s growth in The cultural and creative industry gets its main impetus from software, including the Internet and computer services; press and publications; design; and broadcasting, particularly television and movies. In 2006, 76.6 percent of the growth of the cultural and creative industry was derived from these sectors. New business and development possibilities are emerging, because of constant technological innovation in this and associated industries, particularly in the areas of computer animation and gaming, digital publishing and digital new media. Industrial parks focused on culture and creation have been organized, and this is quickening developments within the industry. Among these are the software base in Zhongguancun, the 798 Internationalization is fostering “leaps” within the industry. Exports of cultural and creative products are booming, especially that of software, books, TV programmes and movies, which account for a major portion of the country’s export volume. Nine centres are focused on: Performances; publications and the copyright trade; broadcasting, TV programmes and movie production and trade; animation and games research and production; advertising conferences and exhibitions; antiques and artwork; design and creation; culture and tourism; sports and leisure. Policy Support The cultural and creative industry is receiving top priority in To be specific, a set of 35 rules were created in 2006 to guide the industry’s development. The rules cover market access, tax preferences, intellectual property right protection, financial support, market development, resources distribution, personnel development and industrial coordination. The rules stipulate that high-tech enterprises engaged in cultural and creative businesses can get a two-year tax exemption after they start to make profits; afterward, they will be subject to a relatively low tax rate of 15 percent. Individuals and companies engaging in technological transactions, development or consultancy and other services will be exempted from business taxes. The rules also encourage exports of cultural and creative industry-related products by granting rewards to enterprises that achieve outstanding performances in the field. The government procurement of such products will also be increased. To ensure a sufficient supply of talents for the industry, the rules support the idea of colleges and academies working in partnership with enterprises to establish talent-cultivation bases, but not only design and research talents; management and marketing professionals will also be developed. The government has established awards to rewards for organizational and individual achievements of significance to the industry’s development. Financing is a big challenge for the cultural and creative industry, because a large portion of its assets are intangible, such as ideas and thought processes. So the government has decided to earmark 500 million yuan (US$65 million) for a special fund to support the industry’s development. It has earmarked an extra 500 million yuan for the industry's infrastructural development over the next three years. To protect the intellectual property rights of product creators, which is crucial to the industry, an information centre for copyright resources and an international trade centre for copyrights will be established. Name- brand products will be protected and promoted. Ten industrial clusters serving 4,687 enterprises existed in September 2007. A second group of clusters will be announced soon. New policies conducive to the growth of the cultural and creative industry were issued in 2007. In the “Outline of the Development of Cultural and Creative Industry of Beijing” during the 11th Five-Year Plan, nine centres focusing on different aspects of the industry will be established to serve this important pillar of the capital economy. Comparison of the first and second ICCIEs: The First ICCIE The Second ICCIE 200,000 participants 260,000 participants 150,000 visitors 180,000 visitors 10 specialized forums 15 specialized forums 189 VIPs attended 278 VIPs attended More than 3,000 people participated More than 5,200 people participated in the 18 promotional activities in the 18 promotional activities 184 agreements or contracts were 220 agreements or contracts were signed valued at US$3.76 billion signed valued at US$3.83 billion 北京文化创意产业魅力无限 文/杜秀萍 故宫文物缩微版、老北京微缩模型、“钻石天坛”等一件件饱含丰富创造力的产品，展示着文化创意产业无穷的魅力；文艺演出、出版发行、文化旅游等领域的合作意向、协议频频签约，一批批富于特色的文化创意产业项目，展示着文化创意产业无限的生机与活力——第二届中国(北京)国际文化创意产业博览会，在“文化创意与人文奥运”主题下，将中国优秀的传统文化元素融入具有现代时尚特色的创新文化当中，并同“人文奥运”理念相融合，多层面、全方位地展现了中国文化、设计的丰富创造力。 文化产业尽显“磁场”效应 文化产业被公认是“ 若把文化产业比作一块奶油蛋糕，那么文化创意产业就是蛋糕顶部的奶油。文化创意产业是文化产业的源头与原动力。根据中国社科院发布的《2006年：中国文化产业发展报告》对中国文化产业进行的预测，文化产业的结构变化将可能由技术和资本唱主角，新兴文化产业将出现爆发式增长局面。迅速产生的一批跨行业、跨媒体、具有品牌竞争力和战略投资力的产业集团，将大大提高中国文化市场的集中度，使“以公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的文化产业格局”浮出水面。 北京市社会科学院经济研究所副所长赵弘说：“文化创意产业作为知识密集型新兴产业，自上世纪90年代提出后，得到很多国家特别是经济发达国家和地区的重视，并逐渐成为现代产业发展中的一个亮点。北京人均GDP已经超过5000美元，经济发展进入了一个新的阶段。发展文化创意产业是促进北京产业结构升级和经济增长方式转变的战略选择，也是提升首都城市功能、进一步推动北京向国际大都市迈进的重要路径。” 文化产业尽显“磁场”效应 文化产业被公认是“ 若把文化产业比作一块奶油蛋糕，那么文化创意产业就是蛋糕顶部的奶油。文化创意产业是文化产业的源头与原动力。根据中国社科院发布的《2006年：中国文化产业发展报告》对中国文化产业进行的预测，文化产业的结构变化将可能由技术和资本唱主角，新兴文化产业将出现爆发式增长局面。迅速产生的一批跨行业、跨媒体、具有品牌竞争力和战略投资力的产业集团，将大大提高中国文化市场的集中度，使“以公有制为主体、多种所有制共同发展的文化产业格局”浮出水面。 北京市社会科学院经济研究所副所长赵弘说：“文化创意产业作为知识密集型新兴产业，自上世纪90年代提出后，得到很多国家特别是经济发达国家和地区的重视，并逐渐成为现代产业发展中的一个亮点。北京人均GDP已经超过5000美元，经济发展进入了一个新的阶段。发展文化创意产业是促进北京产业结构升级和经济增长方式转变的战略选择，也是提升首都城市功能、进一步推动北京向国际大都市迈进的重要路径。” 文化创意产业前景无限 目前，北京正在大力推进文化创意产业的发展。“十一五”期间，北京市文化产业发展的思路将是以体制改革和落实政策为突破口，把北京建成文艺演出、出版发行、版权贸易、影视节目制作及交易、动漫、互联网游戏、文化会展和古玩艺术品交易等文化产业的中心。 2007年北京两会期间，古玩艺术品产业被正式列入文化创意产业，古玩艺术品交易中心也正式跻身京城6大发展中心之一。据统计显示，2005年，京城38家艺术品拍卖公司总成交额91亿元。多年从事专业研究的原中国画研究院副院长赵榆说，仅位居北京五大拍卖公司的中国嘉德、中贸圣佳、北京翰海、北京荣宝和北京保利，在2006年春秋两季拍卖会上的成交额就达48亿多元。古玩艺术品拍卖业的发展空间还非常广大。 据初步估计，目前，北京文化创意产业产值已达到960多亿元，占北京市GDP的14％以上。据测算，到2010年北京文化创意产业实现增加值将达1000亿元，从而成为首都经济的重要支柱产业。
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